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shén 神
2015-11-11 15:21:33 cri-1
Shen (Spirit / Spiritual)

The term has four meanings. First, it indicates a deity in a personified sense,

possessing superhuman capabilities. Natural things, such as heaven and earth,

mountains and rivers, sun and moon, and stars, have their deity. A human soul

may also become a deity after death. Second, it indicates the human spirit

and mind. Daoism considers "spirit" to be the dominating factor in human life.

Therefore, maintaining and refining the spirit is most important to prolong life.

Third, it indicates the subtle and unfathomable changing of all things as well as

heaven and earth occurring under the interaction of yin and yang. In this sense

the term is often used together with hua (化 change), the combination being

called "divine change." Fourth, it indicates a marvelous and unfathomable realm

in life attained by a person.

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