The term has three different meanings. First, it means human emotions
and desires, referring to the natural and instinctive reaction to external
circumstances, not a learned response. Second, it refers to specific human
emotions and desires, commonly known as the six human emotions: love,
hatred, happiness, anger, sadness, and joy, or as the seven human emotions:
happiness, anger, sadness, fear, love, hatred, and desire. Third, it means the true
state of affairs, or actual situation. For centuries, scholars have had different
interpretations on the first two meanings. Some advocated that emotions
should be restrained or controlled, while others believed that emotions and
desires were natural and should be properly guided.